Deepavali, also known as Diwali, is a light festival celebrated annually by diverse individuals and communities across India, that marks the last harvest of the year and the start of a new year and new season. Based on the lunar calendar, it falls on the new moon in October or November and lasts several days. It is a joyous occasion that symbolizes the victory of light over darkness and good over evil. During this time, people clean and decorate their homes and public spaces, light lamps and candles, set off fireworks, and offer prayers for prosperity and new beginnings.

Deepavali is a time for people, families and communities to come together to exchange gifts and sweets, share meals, and celebrate with music, dance and rituals. The practice involves people of all ages, genders and backgrounds. It is passed on informally within families and communities, with elders teaching children how to perform rituals and prepare for the celebrations through stories and hands-on participation. Temples, schools, cultural organizations and digital platforms also play a role in transmitting and safeguarding the practice. A vibrant expression of shared heritage and identity, Deepavali strengthens social bonds, promotes inclusivity, and encourages values such as kindness, gratitude and hope. It also supports local economies and creative expression.